1 Samuel 18:29

Authorized King James Version

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And Saul was yet the more afraid of David; and Saul became David's enemy continually.

Original Language Analysis

וַיֹּ֣אסֶף was yet the more H3254
וַיֹּ֣אסֶף was yet the more
Strong's: H3254
Word #: 1 of 13
to add or augment (often adverbial, to continue to do a thing)
שָׁא֛וּל And Saul H7586
שָׁא֛וּל And Saul
Strong's: H7586
Word #: 2 of 13
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
לֵרֹ֛א afraid H3372
לֵרֹ֛א afraid
Strong's: H3372
Word #: 3 of 13
to fear; morally to revere; causatively to frighten
מִפְּנֵ֥י of H6440
מִפְּנֵ֥י of
Strong's: H6440
Word #: 4 of 13
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
דָּוִ֖ד David H1732
דָּוִ֖ד David
Strong's: H1732
Word #: 5 of 13
david, the youngest son of jesse
ע֑וֹד H5750
ע֑וֹד
Strong's: H5750
Word #: 6 of 13
properly, iteration or continuance; used only adverbially (with or without preposition), again, repeatedly, still, more
וַיְהִ֥י H1961
וַיְהִ֥י
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 7 of 13
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
שָׁא֛וּל And Saul H7586
שָׁא֛וּל And Saul
Strong's: H7586
Word #: 8 of 13
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
אֹיֵ֥ב enemy H341
אֹיֵ֥ב enemy
Strong's: H341
Word #: 9 of 13
hating; an adversary
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 10 of 13
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
דָּוִ֖ד David H1732
דָּוִ֖ד David
Strong's: H1732
Word #: 11 of 13
david, the youngest son of jesse
כָּל H3605
כָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 12 of 13
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
הַיָּמִֽים׃ continually H3117
הַיָּמִֽים׃ continually
Strong's: H3117
Word #: 13 of 13
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso

Analysis & Commentary

And Saul was yet the more afraid of David; and Saul became David's enemy continually.

Saul's perpetual enmity ('oyev) toward David had become settled disposition rather than passing emotion. The Hebrew indicates permanent hostile status - 'enemy continually' marks the relationship's sad deterioration. What began as appreciation (16:21) degraded to jealousy, then fear, then murder attempts, finally settling into implacable opposition. Sin's trajectory is ever downward without divine intervention.

Historical Context

The term 'enemy' carried legal and covenant implications in ancient Israel. David would later refuse to harm Saul despite this enmity, demonstrating the higher standard of God's kingdom. Saul's enmity would dominate his remaining years.

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